Paving machine and process



April 21, 1931- K. E. M CONNAUGHAY PAVING MACHINE AND PROCESS Original F il a 19, 1928 1 16 such surface a road grading Patented Apr. 21, 1931 PATENT OFFICE xmmam a. xcoommuenav, or nmnmaroms, nmnnm I PAVING MACHINE AND PROCESS Applicationiflled January 19, 1928, Serial No. 247,778. Renewed Qctober 6, 1830.

My invention is concerned with the construction of highway pavements, particularly of the bituminous type, and it is my ob ect to provide a process and means whereby a I satisfactory pavement may be laid without excessive expense. More specifically, it is my object to provide a process and-means for pavin which will eliminate all unnecessary handling of material and which will avoid 10 the necessity for expensive mixers and other apparatus. v

I accomplish my objects by mixing'the aggregate and bituminous hinder on the sur' ace being paved desirably by drawing over machine having one or more oblique blades which will serve to move the loose aggregate transversely of the road and mix it t oroughly with the hinder. .Thisroad grader'or maintainer is de- 19 sirably provided with means for discharging on the material moved by the blade or blades a suitable bituminous binder which becomes thoroughly mixed with the aggregate as it is moved along the blades by their passage over 25 the surface.

The accompanying drawing illustrates an apparatus embo ying my invention: Fig. 1 is :1. Ian view of a road maintainer to which my invention is applied; Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section through the road main-- taineron the line 22 Fig.1; Fig. 3 is a vertical section ,on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through the hollow distributing. member through which the liquid" binder is sup lied to pipes extending over the blades; an Fi 5 is a vertical longitudinal section through one of the binderglistributing pipes showing a discharge noz- The road maintainer illustrated in the accompanying drawing found desirable for use in carrying out my process. It embodies a frame the rear end of which is supported on vertically adjustable wheels 11 and the front end of which is connected through a draw bar 12 to a tractor 13: On the underside of this frame are mounted a forward pair of rearwardly converging scraper blades 14, a pair of rearward- 1y diverging scraper blades 15, a rear pair 0 is one which I have rearwardly convergingqblades 16, and a distributing blade 17. 'e rear ends of the front pair of rearwardly converging blades 14 are spaced apart to provide for the passage of material between them to the rearwardly diverging blades 15. The rear pair of rearwardly diverging blades 16 project outwardl beyond the rear ends of the blades 15 in or erv that they may receive material discharged from such blades. Like the front pair of rearwardly diverging blades 14, the rear pairof rearwardly converging blades 16 are spaced apart at their inner ends in order to ermit the passage of materialto the distri uting blades 17. This distributing blade 17 may be set obliquely at an angle to or directly across the frames 10. By suitable adjustment of the rear wheels 11 and draw-bar 12, the height of the blades may bevaried at 'will.

This maintainer which has just been described is merely illustrative of one. type of road working machine in which my invention may be embodied. While I prefer to employ a road machine having a plurality of blades in order that I may secure a thorough agitation of the aggregate in one passage of the machine, such a maintainer is not necessary; as my invention may be applied to a machine having but a single blade.

For the purpose of supplying the liquid bituminous binder which is to be mixed with the aggregate on the road surface, I provide a supply tank 20. This tank 20 is conveniently, although not necessarily,v mounted upon a separate vehicle 21; as such equipment is usually available in the construction of roads, it being used for the purpose of distributing the bituminous binder at desired points. Liquid binder from the tank 20 is conveyed to the vicinity of the blade or blades ofthe road machine in order that it may be discharged onto the aggregate moved by suchoblades. carried b a vehicle separate from the road machine itself, I attach to it a flexible conbemg Ifthetank20is..

duit 22 through which the binder may be I conveyed to the road machine.

In the machine illustrated in the drawing,

f the flexible conduit 22 connects with a hollow distributing member 23 mounted on the road machine desirably at the junction of the two rearwardly diverging blades 15. From thisdistributing member 23 there radiate outward ctively over the two pairs of blades 14 and 15 distributing pipes 24 which are provided'at intervals with discharge nozfzles 25 arranged to discharge in a general downward direction. If desirable the frame 10 may be provided with brackets 26 for supporting the outer ends of the pipes 24. Each of the pipes 24 is rotatable-in 1ts associated bracket 26 and in the distributing member 28 in order that the nozzles-25 may be arranged to discharge either ahead of or in (5f their associated blade as is clear from I applying my pavement by my improved process, I first grade the road to the desired a cross-section, if it is not already in that con-.

dition. A road scra r or maintainer is then passed over the res with its blade or blades set to remove material usually to a depth of a proximately two inches. The exact depth a o materialremoved, however,.is not importent, and may be varied to suit the circum- P ao'that'the blades are The material scraper-in this man-.

nor from the road is usually discharged to one side or the other of the road machine and is left in windrows extending longitudinally ofthe road. During this operation, the pi or pipes 24 are'adjusted to discharge onto I e road base behind their associated blades in order to impregnate the scraped a stmtch of road of the desired length has beenth'us'treated, I rotate the pipes 24 so that they dischar in advance of their respective blades. ad'ust the road machine arely in contact with the surface 'ofthe road, and I pass themachine along the road. In this passage of the a machine along the road, the windrows of surface material left by the preceding step are " it p along theblades. After being disdistributing blade 17 which may be set either I 00 obliquely as indicated in full lines in Fig. 1'

L 1 by the rearwardly converging blades 14,

road base inward along such blades and out- .ward along the rearwardly diverging blades 15. During its passage along these blades, it is being sprayed with bituminous binder discharged from the pipes 24, and this binder is thoroughly worked into the aggregate as charged from the rearwardly diverging blades 15, the impregn picked up by the blades 16 and thereby given further agitation and. mixing. From the blades 16, the'material is discharged to the to leave the aggregate in windrows adapted to be jermixed and agitatedcor perpendicular frame 10 as indicated indotted lines to the treated aggregate over the road surface-hie layer of even thickness.

surface with the bituminous binder. After generally downwardly,.

and material is moved over the' ated aggregate is.

.or behind said blade.

If the agg'ze ate is not sufliciently mixed with the bin er y one passa of the road machine, it may be re-worke in the manner 'ust described; and after the final working, it is distributed-evenly over the road surface by setting the distributing blade 17 transversely of the frame 10.

After the treatedaggregate is evenly distributed, it is rolled in the usual manner. If additional depth of avement is desired, the required amount 0 aggregate may be placed upon the road, impregnated with inder and evenly distributed as above outlined, and then rolled.

I claim as-my invention 1. A paving machine, comprising a frame adapted to be moved over the surface to be and 4 obliquely to the direction of frame movement, and a conduit located above and substantially parallel to said blade and nous binder, said conduit having one or more openings arranged to discharge said conduit being adjustable to direct the discharge from said discharge openings either ahead of or behind said blade. 4 a

'3. A paving machine, comprising a frame adapted to be moved over the surface to be paved, a scraper blade carried by said frame and disposed obliquely to the direction of frame movement, and conducting means havdischarge ing discharge openings and adapted to be suppaved, a scraper blade carried by said frame direct the discharge plied with a liquid bituminous binder, said conducting means being adjustable to discharge either ahead of or behind said blade.

4. A paving machine, comprising a frame adapted to be moved over' the surface to be paved, a scraper blade carried by said frame and disposed obliquely to the direction of frame movement, and means for'discharging a liquid bituminous binder either ahead of 5. A paving machine, comprising a frame adapted to be moved-.ovefthe surface-to be paved, a plurality of oblique. scraper blades carried by saidframe and arranged to move j loose material back and forth transversely to the direction of frame movement, andmeans associated with each of said blades for forwardly diverging blades, a hollow memher adapted to be supplied with a liquid bituminous binder, and a plurality of pipes radiating from said hollow member and disposed respectively above said blades, each of said pipes being provided with one or more lateral discharge openings and being rotatable in said hollow member whereby it can be arranged to discharge either ahead or behind its associated blade.

7. A paving machine, comprising a frame adapted to be moved over the surface to be paved, a blade carried by said frame and disposed obliquely to the direction of frame movement, whereby loose material on the surface to be paved may be moved transversely to the direction of frame movement, an means for discharging a liquid bituminous binder on such loose material as it is moved transversely by said blade.

8. A paving machine, comprising a frame adapted to be moved over the surface to be paved, a ground-engaging scraper blade carried by said frame,'means for holding said scraper blade in fixed vertical position relative to said frame and'means mounted on said frame for discharging a liquid bituminous binder on the scraped road surface behind said blade.

9. The process of applying a bituminous pavement to a road surface, comprising loosening the material of the road surface to a predetermined depth and disposing the material thus loosened in windows extending longitudinally of the road, applying bituminous binder to the road base, moving the loosened material back and forth over the road base and evenly distributing it while simultaneously supplying bituminous binder thereto, and subsequently rolling such even- 1y distributedmatcr al.

10. The process of applying a bituminous pavement to a road surface, comprising loosening the material of the road surface to a predetermined depth and disposing the ma-- terial thus loosened in windrows extending longitudinally of the road, moving the loosened material back and forth over the road base and evenly distributing it while simultaneously supplying bituminous binder thereto. and subsequently rolling such; evenly distributedmaterial.

11. The process of applying a bituminous pavement to a road surface; comprising loosening the material of the road surface to a predetermined depth and collecting the material thus loosened,.applying bituminous bindhind the other,

er to the road base, moving the loosened material back and forth over the road base and evenly distributing it while simultaneously supplying bituminous binder thereto, and subsequently rolling such evenly distributed material. I

12. A paving machine, comprising a frame adapted to be moved over the surface to be paved, a plurality of oppositely disposed oblique blades carried by said frame and adapted to move and work loose material on such surface andbeneath said frame back and forth transversely to the direction of frame movement, and means carried by said frame for discharging a liquid bituminous binder on such loose material as said frame passes over it, whereby such binder may be intimately mixed with such loose material by the action of said blades.

13. A paving machine, comprising a frame adapted to be moved over the surface to be I paved, a plurality of sets of oblique agitating blades carried by said" frame and arranged one behind the other, said bladesbeing oppositely disposed to move and work loose mate: rial on such surface back and forth transversely to the direction of frame movement, and means carried by said frame for discharging a liquid bituminous binder on such loose material in advance of the rearmost set of blades, whereby such binder may be intimately mixed with such loose material by the action of said rearmost set of blades.

14. A paving machine, comprising a frame adapted to be moved over the surface to be paved, a plurality of oblique agitating blades carried by said frame and arranged one besaid bladesbeing oppositely disposed to move andwork loose material on such surface back and forth transversely to the direction of frame movement, means carried by said frame for discharging a liquid bituminous binder on such loose material in advance of the rearmost set of blades, whereby such binder may be intimately mixe with such loose material by the action of said rearmost set of blades, and an oblique distributing blade located in rear of said rearmost set of agitating blades.

15. The method of applying pavement to a road surface, w breaking up the road. surface to form loose particles of aggregate continuously and repeatedl working the aggregate while movmg it ack and forth across the road andsimultaneously spraying said aggregate with a bituminous binder.

16. The method of applying a bituminous a bituminous 1ch comprlses paving composition of aggregate and a bindbitumen a supply of aggregate 'movin through the device, compris' a series 0% members aria-nged to en age t e aggregate, said members being Isposed OPFOSItGlY obliquely to the general direction o aggregate movement to work the aggregate and means for dischar g bitumen on suc agregate as it is being worked by said memrs, y r, i 18. In a device for treating with liquefied bitumen a supply of aggregate moving through the device, comprising means for discharging bitumen on the aggregate, and a r series of members arranggd to engage the aggre ate said members ing disposed opposite y obliquely to the general direction of aggregate movement to work' the aggregate an mix the bitumen with it. 19. A ocess of treating aggregate with liquefied itumen,compris1n moving aggregate on a su porting sur ace, repeatedly changing the rection of aggregate movement to' work and agitate it, and simultaneously spraying bitumen on the aggre' te so that it ma becomeo thoroughly mixe therewith ase aggregate is worked and agi- In witnes whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Indianapolis, Indiana this 17th day of January, A. D. one thousan nine hundred and twen ei ht.

KE ETII E. MoCONNAUQHAY. U 

